1If someone was drowning, would you know? Maybe … or maybe not. Drowning is not like what you see on TV or movies, yet that’s often the only reference people have for what it looks like.
“溺水几乎总是一个看似安静的事件，” MSN，RN的Melissa Luxton说，他是一个创伤的外展和伤害预防协调员Banner – University Medical Center Phoenix。
卢克斯顿说：“电视和电影为我们准备寻找的挥舞，飞溅和大喊大叫在现实生活中很少见。”“本能的溺水反应（IDR）是人们为避免在水中避免实际或感知的窒息而采取的措施，而且看起来并不像大多数人所期望的那样。几乎没有飞溅，没有挥手，没有大喊大叫或寻求任何形式的帮助。”
溺水是在水中呼吸的损害，它发生的比您注意到的要快。有人不知道如何识别这些迹象，这完全有可能与他们旁边的人淹死。
Important water safety facts and tips
Some safety issues are specific to seasons, but water safety is not just for summers spent by the pool, lake or ocean. Water safety is year-round. The truth is that大多数溺水是可以预防的, but you have to understand the facts and know how to prevent them from happening.
Here are important facts and tips to keep you and your family safe every day.
谁最有溺水的风险？
无意的溺水帐户nearly 4,000 deathseach year and it is thethird leading cause全球无意伤害死亡。
The other important thing to note is that even if you’re the best swimmer in the world, no one is drown-proof. Drowning doesn’t discriminate. However, according to theCenters for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the following groups are at the highest risk for drowning:
孩子们
Fatal drowning is one of the leading causes of unintentional injury death for children ages 1 to 14, but children ages 1 to 4 have the highest drowning rates.
In children younger than age 5, most drowning fatalities happen in home pools or hot tubs—mostly pools owned by family, friends or relatives.
“游泳池后，浴缸是儿童淹死的第二大领先地点。但是，水桶，浴室，井，化粪池，装饰池塘和厕所也是潜在的溺水资源。”卢克斯顿说。“大孩子，青少年和年轻人更有可能淹没在天然水中，例如池塘或湖泊。”
Men and boys
Nearly 80%在那些因溺水而死的人中，是男性。许多因素可能会导致这一点，但统计数据表明，男性更有可能将自己置于危险的水状态并从事危险行为。他们可能会在救生区之外游泳，放弃穿着救生衣，在游泳时更有可能喝酒。
Some racial and ethnic groups
American Indian or Alaska Native and Black people ages 29 and younger are two times more likely to fatally drown, however disparities are highest among Black children.
卢克斯顿说：“ 10至14岁的黑人儿童以比白人儿童更高的比例淹没，通常在公共游泳池中。”“美洲印第安人或阿拉斯加的土著人民在天然水中的死亡率最高。”
People with certain medical conditions
People with seizure disorders, such as癫痫，以及其他医疗状况，例如自闭症谱系障碍和心脏病的溺水风险更高。
“Drowning remains a leading cause of death for children with autism and accounts forapproximately 90%卢克斯顿说：“与14岁及以下的人流浪或螺栓相关的死亡。”
使您和家人在水周围安全的10个提示
1. Supervision is top priority with children.
Because drowning can be quick and quiet, children should have your full and undivided attention—this includes not looking at your phone, reading or consuming alcohol or drugs—when they are in or near water. This goes for water sources both indoors and outdoors.
一旦游泳时间结束，请确保关闭并锁定访问门。如果您要参观另一个房屋或熟悉的地方，请积极主动并了解任何潜在的风险。
2.学习基本的游泳和水安全技能。
学习游泳可以将溺水的风险降低88％but remember, this doesn’t replace the need for adult supervision of children around water.
In addition, if you’re a parent, guardian or caregiver,get trained in CPR。许多组织都提供在线和面对面的CPR培训课程。到你的附近寻找心肺复苏训练，访问bannerhealth.com或cpr.heart.org。
3. Install barriers.
It’s advised that all homeowners install proper pool barriers to protect kids (and pets!) who may visit the home and anyone else who may be vulnerable to drowning. Luxton shared this advice:
“Construct and use a four-sided fence with self-closing or self-latching gates that fully encloses the pool and separates it from the house,” she said. “Remove all toys from the pool area that may attract anyone to the pool.”
4.使用好友系统。
永远不要独自游泳。始终带一个人随身携带，并选择有救生员的游泳地点。卢克斯顿说：“伙伴系统对癫痫发作疾病或其他医疗状况的患者特别有用。”
5. Wear a life jacket.
救生衣降低了淹没的风险，同时划船了各个年龄段的人和游泳能力。即使您的孩子知道如何游泳，也让他们在自然的水域内及其周围穿着救生衣。不要依靠充气的漂浮物，翅膀或泡沫玩具，因为这些不是安全设备。这也适合您。如果您发现自己不是强大的游泳者，请随时抢购。
6. Don’t drink and drown.
Alcohol and water don’t mix and can significantly increase your risk for drowning. Alcohol impairs your judgement, balance and coordination.
Avoid drinking alcohol before or during swimming, boating or other water activities. Don’t drink alcohol while supervising children.
7.知道天然水的风险。
Lakes, rivers, oceans and other natural waters have hidden hazards such as dangerous currents and undertows, rocks or vegetation and limited visibility.
Check the forecast before you are in or near water and anylocal swim advisories。Local weather conditions can change quickly and cause dangerous flash floods, strong winds and thunderstorms with雷击。
8.针对医疗条件采取额外的预防措施。
如果您或您与之相处的某人患有癫痫发作或自闭症等医疗状况，请确保他们在水中和周围有一对一的监督。
“Consider taking showers rather than baths and wearing life jackets when out on the water,” Luxton said.
9.考虑药物的影响。
几种药物，例如用于焦虑和其他心理健康状况的药物，可能会损害您的平衡，协调和判断。如果您要服用这些药物，请避免游泳。
10. Don’t hold your breath.
As a child, you may have played with friends to see who could hold their breath the longest underwater, but this is a very risky—and even deadly—game.
“Many people will take several large, forced breaths or a series of short, fast breaths before holding their breath underwater for a long period of time,” Luxton said. “This is called hyperventilating and can cause you to pass out and drown.”
即便是经验丰富的游泳者潜水员淹没了这种危险的水下呼吸呼吸行为。
Instead of holding your breath, consider a safer water activity.
Takeaway
无意的溺水是100％可预防的。尽力确保您的安全和周围的人的安全。
For other safety tips, check out:
