Breastfeeding, or nursing, is the act of providing a mother’s breast milk to feed her baby. Babies receive breast milk either directly from the breast or via bottle-feeding. Breastfeeding and breast milk have many benefits for both mom and baby. Although extremely beneficial, it’s not always easy to breastfeed your infant. The staff at Banner Health is ready to answer any breastfeeding support questions you may have.
Breastfeeding is the process of feeding a baby with milk from a mother’s breast. This can happen via latching onto the mother’s breast or bottle-feeding after a mother uses a breast pump to express the milk.
主頁(欢迎您)Banner Health建议您在出生后的第一个小时内母乳喂养或护理新生儿。母乳富含营养和抗体，可帮助保护婴儿免受感染。母乳喂养还可以为母亲提供多种益处。
Breastfeeding after birth can have many benefits for mom and baby. Breast milk has three stages with different benefits:
初乳is the first stage of breast milk. Colostrum is thick and yellowish in color and is produced during pregnancy and a few days after birth. This type of milk is full of vitamins, minerals, high in protein and immunoglobulins, which provide antibodies for the baby.
出生后几天，初乳被过渡牛奶取代。过渡牛奶持续两到四个星期。这种类型的牛奶含有比初乳更多的卡路里，其中包括高水平的水溶性维生素，乳糖和脂肪。
成熟的牛奶是生产的牛奶的最后阶段。这种类型的牛奶主要是水以帮助保持婴儿的水合。它还含有蛋白质，脂肪和碳水化合物，以保持婴儿的能量水平并帮助他们成长。有两种不同类型的成熟牛奶。
初乳contains vitamins, protein and water. This type of milk is found at the beginning of feeding. Next, comeshind-milk。This type of mature milk contains higher levels of fat for the baby to gain weight. Both types of mature milk are necessary to ensure the baby is receiving the proper nutrition to grow and develop properly.
The other benefits of breastfeeding vary between mom and baby. The benefits of breastfeeding, or nursing, for a baby include:
母乳喂养对妈妈的好处包括：
母乳喂养也可能带来一些副作用和挑战。母乳喂养对婴儿的副作用不多。母乳喂养的挑战和副作用主要影响母亲分娩后的头几周。
The side effects of breastfeeding that might affect mothers include:
There are plenty of ups and downs associated with breastfeeding, especially for the first few days and weeks after giving birth. These are some of the most common breastfeeding challenges:
Many women worry that they might not be producing much milk when breastfeeding. Breastfeeding frequently, especially during the first weeks after birth, is the main way to increase your milk supply. Keep in mind the body naturally produces exactly what your baby needs. If you think you are not producing enough milk, pay attention to the number of wet and dirty diapers and how much weight your baby has gained.
闩锁是母乳喂养的最重要方面。如果做得不好，您的宝宝可能无法获得所需的牛奶。一些父母发现很难让他们的孩子闩锁，但是适当的闩锁需要时间。适当的闩锁将涵盖婴儿嘴中的乳头和乳晕。如果您在闩锁方面遇到麻烦，请与您的医生交谈。
乳导管堵塞是一个很常见的问题在g breastfeeding. Breast milk flows through ducts and then comes out through the nipple. If one of the ducts becomes plugged, milk can back up and cause a tender lump. A plugged duct could lead to a breast infection. There are several remedies to get your milk flowing again. These remedies include:
如果您的插入管道持续超过几天，变大或发烧，请安排与医生约会。
Plugged milk ducts or bacteria can cause an infection in the fatty tissue of the breast. Inflammation of the breast tissue is called mastitis and results in breast swelling, pain, redness and a fever in some cases.
Symptoms of mastitis can appear suddenly and include:
母亲还可以经历一种称为鹅口疮的真菌感染。这种类型的感染通常也称为酵母菌感染。鹅口疮的迹象包括：
If you’re experiencing symptoms of mastitis, schedule an appointment with your doctor. If you’re experiencing symptoms of thrush, make sure you also call your baby’s doctor to receive treatment at the same time.
Nipples come in a variety of shapes and sizes. If you have inverted, flat or large nipples, you can still breastfeed. Breastfeeding with flat or inverted nipples may require more time and assistance with helping your baby latch on. Talk to your doctor, lactation consultant or breastfeeding specialist for tips on how to help your baby latch.
在婴儿进入NICU时，保持牛奶供应可能具有挑战性。如果您的宝宝由于早产而进入NICU，则母乳对于帮助建立其免疫系统很重要。但是，由于婴儿出生前出生的母乳以及与NICU相关的压力源的数量，母亲可能难以产生母乳。
In most cases, pre-term infants will be given breastmilk through a feeding tube at first as they learn to develop their feeding skills. Although your baby might not be ready to nurse, continue to hold your baby using skin-to-skin contact as much as possible.
Once your baby is ready to nurse, they may have difficulties with the nipple. Your NICU nurse may recommend a nipple shield to make nursing easier and moderate the flow of milk. To establish your milk supply, we recommend using a high-quality breast pump.
Breastfeeding can be challenging. The staff at Banner Health is here to offer guidance and support for breastfeeding. We offer several breastfeeding resources, including alactation support程序，一般泌乳classesandsupport groups。
Banner的专家工作人员在这里指导您完成母乳喂养的旅程。毫不犹豫地向我们询问任何母乳喂养问题或疑虑。
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