您有嗅探，流鼻涕或鼻塞吗？和allergy season,cold seasonand the2019冠状病毒病大流行，您可能对粘液或交通拥堵有些谨慎，尤其是当您自己的粘膜时。
伸出非处方的鼻喷雾以zap鼻和毛绒似乎很容易，但要知道并非所有鼻喷雾剂都相等地产生。实际上，有了某些类型，您可能会有些“迷人”。
虽然它可以提供暂时的缓解，但您可以沉迷于鼻喷雾吗？
“Overuse of some nasal sprays is most often a result of dependency,” said Kelly Erdos, PharmD, a clinical pharmacist with班纳·贝伍德医疗中心。“由于所谓的反弹效应，人们可能会依赖鼻喷雾。”
Dependency vs. Addiction: The Rebound Effect
The rebound effect occurs when you use nasal sprays, specifically decongestant sprays, regularly. After a few days of using this type of spray, your nose will become less responsive to the effects of the medication. You may have problems with your nasal congestion returning, or rebounding, once the medication is stopped. As a result, you may need to use more and more to combat the congestion.
Some people confuse the rebound effect with addiction, but Dr. Erdos said nasal spray addiction isn’t a true addiction. “Addiction is defined as asevere substance disorderthat results in continuous and compulsive use of a substance despite that substance causing harm,” she said. “Over-the-counter nasal sprays, however, don’t cause the same physiological cravings.”
While the rebound effect of some nasal spraysisn’t a true addiction, they can lead to negative consequences such as rhinitis medicamentosa (rebound congestion),chronic sinusitis和其他长期问题。
To better understand the different kinds of nasal sprays and how to use them safely, here’s a breakdown of the four different types.
Four Types of Nasal Sprays
1. Saline Sprays
非处方盐水喷雾剂可以帮助粘液和清洁花粉和其他过敏原的鼻腔通道。
Addictive?No, these don’t cause irritation or dependency, although some preservatives or additives can cause irritation if you are sensitive to them.
我可以使用什么类型？Most over-the-counter saline nasal sprays are made of the same saline concentration that’s in your body. They will specifically say “saline” or “drug-free” on the label. Look for sodium chloride (also known as salt) and sterilized water as the main ingredients. While saline sprays can be effective, humidifiers can also be an alternative, especially in drier months.
2.类固醇喷雾
Steroid sprays are used to reduce swelling and inflammation in your nasal passages. These can be a great alternative for those who experience side effects from medications taken by mouth.
Addictive?No, steroid sprays are safe to use and a good option for seasonal and environmental allergies. If you need the nasal spray longer than 6 months, however, talk to your doctor.
我可以使用什么类型？寻找含有皮质类固醇的类固醇喷雾剂。它们也可能出现为丙酸氟替卡松或曲安赛醇乙诺酯。柜台和处方都可以使用几种，因此请与您的医生和药剂师谈谈哪种产品最好治疗您的症状。
3. Antihistamine Sprays
Antihistamines block a chemical in your body that is responsible for allergy symptoms and like steroid sprays, they can also cause less side effects than pills for some people.
Addictive?不，抗组胺药喷雾剂不是习惯形成的。
我可以使用什么类型？寻找含有克罗米金钠的喷雾。如果在过敏季节开始之前1或2周，它们通常会发挥最大的作用，它们通常会做得很好。如果不确定，请询问您的医生或药剂师哪种产品最好治疗您的症状。
4.充血喷雾剂
Decongestant sprays constrict the blood vessels in the nose and reduce inflammation, which can be efficient for treating a runny nose or congestion.
Addictive?是的，当您使用诸如羟甲唑啉之类的负热时，就会发生反弹拥堵。它们可能仅在短时间内有效，并且应连续3天持续使用。
“The downside to nasal decongestants is that over time people may need higher doses to achieve the same effect and may also experience rebound congestion,” Dr. Erdos said. “Some people may develop a dependence to this type of medication and overuse it since symptoms return once they try to stop using it.”
我可以使用什么类型？They can be used for short-term symptoms for a cold or flu, but limit use to no more than 3 days in a row. Talk to your doctor before using a decongestant spray.
我如何打破对鼻喷雾的依赖？
Medications are used to treat health problems and make you feel better so it can be difficult to know the difference between having a medication work and being dependent on it. If you are using a nasal decongestant spray for more than 5 to 7 days and are unable to stop using it, what’s likely happening to you is a rebound phenomenon.
“When stopping a nasal spray, you may notice a return to your baseline of nasal congestion and return of other symptoms like sneezing and a runny or itchy nose,” Dr. Erdos said. “Talk to your doctor or pharmacist about how best to cut back on the medication to help with withdrawal.”
如何降低反弹的风险？
为了降低依赖性和暴露于副作用的风险，请在最短的时间内使用最低剂量的药物。具体而言，将鼻腔充血喷雾剂限制为连续3天，并且每天不使用两次以上。
当使用其他类型的鼻喷雾剂（包括盐水，类固醇和抗组胺喷雾剂）时，请注意您使用它们的频率以及是否需要使用该量。Erdos博士说：“通常，人们可能只需要在一年中几个月内使用鼻喷雾即可进行过敏或天气干燥和寒冷。”
Takeaway
总体而言，鼻喷雾剂是缓解过敏和感冒的有效方法，但是使用频率可能会有所不同。最好的选择是向您的医生或药剂师询问最佳的非处方或处方鼻喷雾剂，以治疗您所经历的症状。
鼻子知道什么时候不正确。查看与您的鼻子，过敏，感冒和其他与粘液有关的问题有关的其他文章：
Need a doctor? No problem. Our Banner Health specialists can answer all your nasal spray questions and concerns. To find a doctor near you, visitbannerhealth.com。
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