Our guts, or intestinal systems, are filled with billions of bacteria known as gut flora. When they play well together, they can help us to digest food and maintain proper immune system functioning.
But there are times when an imbalance in our胆量可以对我们造成破坏胃肠道system. With this imbalance, it can cause a host of problems, such as bloating, abdominal pain, gas and diarrhea—telltale signs of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) but also a lesser-recognized condition called small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO).
What is SIBO?
SIBO is a medical condition that occurs when an excessive number of bacteria that usually grows in one part of your digestive tract starts growing in the small intestine. It can cause pain and diarrhea but also more serious complications like malnutrition.
“ SIBO是IBS的普遍原因，”劳埃德·佩里诺（Lloyd Perino），医学博士，Banner Health的胃肠病学家，专门从事主頁(欢迎您)消化障碍。“现在认为，多达三分之一的IBS患者确实患有SIBO。”
您可以冒着sibo的风险吗？您应该注意什么迹象？我们与Perino博士会面，分解了这种消化状况的症状，原因和治疗选择。
体征和症状
Because the symptoms of SIBO are very similar to IBS, it can be very challenging to diagnose. Not only that, it can also present itself differently from one person to another. While someone may experience diarrhea, another will experience bloating and constipation.
The signs and symptoms of SIBO include:
- Gas and/or bloating after a meal
- 腹泻
- 腹胀或腹部肿胀
- 便秘
- 肚子痛
- 恶心
- Malabsorption
- Unintentional weight loss
While some symptoms like bloating, nausea and diarrhea can be related to several intestinal issues, if you are experiencing persistent diarrhea, rapid weight loss or stomach pains that persist longer than a few days, you’ll want to see your doctor.
原因
“There are a myriad of factors that can cause SIBO, from having certain chronic health conditions like diabetes to surgeries and even age,” Dr. Perino said. “It doesn’t necessarily stand alone."
Things that can make you more likely to develop SIBO include:
- 长期质子泵抑制剂（PPI）使用：Researchshows taking a PPI can reduce acid that protects the small bowel from ingested bacteria.\
- Age:As some people age, they can lose the ability to make gastric acid that helps break down food.
- 憩室炎：Small bowel diverticulitis can act as a reservoir for bacteria.
- Adhesions or Scar Tissue:这可能是由于腹部手术或放射治疗而发生的。
- 回肠（IC）阀：If you lose your IC valve during surgery, bacteria can enter from below.
- Chronic medical conditions:Certain medical conditions likediabetes, Crohn’s disease and celiac disease can put you at higher risk for developing SIBO.
Diagnosis
如果你相信你有SIBO,做一个appointment with your doctor or a gastroenterologist. In order to diagnose SIBO, your doctor will need to run tests to look at bacterial overgrowth in your small intestine and rule out other problems that may be causing or contributing to your symptoms.
佩里诺博士说：“目前，尽管通常建议进行乳乳糖呼吸测试，但对于SIBO来说，SIBO的测试并不容易，可靠。”
The lactulose breath test measures levels of hydrogen and methane gas, which would suggest you have SIBO. Doctors do this by having you swallow a drink containing sugar lactulose. Then every 15 minutes for two hours breath samples are collected. This air will be tested to see if it has high levels of hydrogen and methane.
治疗
对于大多数人来说，治疗SIBO的最初方法是使用抗生素。抗生素通常会减少异常细菌的数量并缓解症状。
佩里诺博士说：“治疗的目的是使细菌受到控制，通常是用抗生素来完成的，例如鞭毛和Xifaxan。”“尽管大多数抗生素可以使用和旋转，但这两种是治疗SIBO的最常用的。”
Dietary changes may be helpful too, but they may not treat the underlying cause. You can try cutting out含糖foods and drinks or foods that make your symptoms worse. Some doctors recommend a low-FODMAP diet (fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides and polyols), but Dr. Perino recommends speaking with your doctor or a nutritionist who’s knowledgeable about nutrition. “They can tell you what you can eat and how to meet your nutritional needs,” he said.
尽管抗生素是主要的治疗方法，但重要的是要解决可能导致SIBO的任何潜在问题。
Recurrence
“Unfortunately, treating SIBO takes patience as it usually will come back,” Dr. Perino said. “If we can correct the underlying causes and support proper gut health, you’ll see improvements.”
Schedule an Appointment
If you are experiencing abdominal pain and bloating, diarrhea and/or constipation, schedule an appointment with your primary care physician or a胃肠病学家专门研究消化障碍的人。要在您附近找到专家，请访问bannerhealth.com.
