Seizure Signs, Types and Risk Factors

癫痫发作可能是一种令人不安的经历。在Ba主頁(欢迎您)nner Health，我们在这里帮助您找到答案，并尽快开始治疗。作为发作护理领域的领导者，我们的专家使用最新的医疗进步和治疗技术来有效地管理您的癫痫发作状况。我们为患者及其家人的教育，支持小组和课程提供了导航诊断的工具。

我们经验丰富的，富有同情心的神经护理团队在这里为您服务。您的初级保健医生，神经科医生，成像专家，物理治疗师，护士导航员和其他人合作制定了针对您的护理需求的治疗计划。

什么是癫痫发作？

癫痫发作are not a disease, but rather a symptom of a disorder affecting the brain. During a seizure, abnormal electrical activity in the brain causes chemical changes in your nerve cells, affecting your awareness, behavior and movements.

癫痫发作通常突然出现。他们持续多长时间和严重可能会有所不同。有些癫痫发作在短短几秒钟内结束，而另一些癫痫发作持续了几分钟。您可能几乎没有注意到一些癫痫发作，而另一些则可能引起无意识和抽搐。

A seizure can happen to you once or repeatedly. People who experience reoccurring seizures have a seizure disorder called epilepsy.Learn more about Banner Health’s advanced epilepsy care。

有人癫痫发作的迹象是什么迹象？

Sometimes you may not be able to tell someone is having a seizure – the person may just seem confused or to be staring at something. In other cases, seizures cause a person to collapse and be unresponsive. The person may clench his/her muscles and shake or jerk uncontrollably.

When the person comes to, they may be confused, disoriented, tired and have a headache. People also can experience muscle weakness, have difficulty speaking, have temporary partial vision loss and/or loss of other senses. These post-seizure symptoms can last a few minutes, hours or even days.

What to Do If Someone Is Having a Seizure

在大多数情况下，癫痫发作不需要紧急医疗。保持人的安全并了解基本的急救可以提供帮助。但是，如果您认为某人处于严重危险，受伤或癫痫发作的持续时间超过五分钟或重复而没有完全恢复的情况下，则应致电911。

How to help someone having a seizure:

• 不要压低他们
• Don't put anything in their mouth
• 阻止别人
• 跟踪癫痫发作持续多长时间
• Place them on their side to keep their airway clear
• Move anything hard or sharp
• If disoriented, guide them away from threats
• 在和之后安慰它们
• 与他们保持联系直到完全意识返回
• 确保该人在癫痫发作后休息

癫痫发作的原因或危险因素是什么？

癫痫发作的原因通常是未知的。许多因素可以触发，增加风险或导致某些人的癫痫发作，包括：

• 发烧
• 月经期
• 缺乏睡眠
• Strong emotions
• 激烈的运动
• Loud music
• Flashing lights
• 电解质不平衡
• 血糖非常低
• Head injuries
• 中风
• 癌症
• 脑部肿瘤
• Brain infections like meningitis
• Medications like some antipsychotics and asthma drugs
• 退出一些药物，例如Xanax，麻醉品或酒精
• 可卡因和海洛因等麻醉品

癫痫发作如何治疗？

通常，用药物治疗癫痫发作诊断。如果癫痫发作被证明更难控制，则可以考虑其他治疗，例如饮食疗法，神经刺激或手术。与您的癫痫护理团队讨论您的治疗选择和偏好。

Types of Seizures

Not all seizures are alike. Some can cause you to stiffen, convulse and lose consciousness. Others are less intense, causing you to twitch, have a glazed-over look, or experience altered sensations. There are two major types of seizures: focal and generalized.

局部癫痫发作

局灶性或部分癫痫发作位于大脑的一个特定部分。有两种类型的局灶性癫痫发作：

• Retained awareness (simple partial):You remain conscious; however, you may not be able to respond. You also may experience twitching or change in sensations such as taste or smell. Usually, this type of seizure lasts less than two minutes.
• 意识障碍（局灶性认知或复杂的部分）：你可能会失去意识或意识,做这个ngs without knowing it, like chewing, mumbling, walking aimlessly, moving your legs or thrusting your hips. Usually, this type of seizure lasts two to four minutes, followed by a period of confusion.

广义癫痫发作

广义癫痫发作会影响大脑的两侧。您还可以体验次要的癫痫发作，这意味着它始于大脑的一个部分（焦点），并传播（广义）。广义癫痫发作的子集包括：

• 补品 - 俱乐部（大玛尔）：您立即失去知觉。您的胳膊和腿僵硬，肌肉痉挛。您可能会短暂停止呼吸，咬舌和/或发出快速大声的哭声。您可能会失去对膀胱和肠子的控制。通常，滋补性癫痫发作持续不到三分钟。癫痫发作后，您需要休息。您可能会在一段时间内遇到疲劳，混乱和/或头痛。
• Absence seizures (petit mal):You lose awareness and some muscle control for a few seconds. You may blink rapidly, open and close your mouth, make chewing movements and/or have a blank stare. You don’t experience convulsions. Usually, you don’t have any memory of the seizure and can resume normal activities immediately.

What Is the Difference between Seizures and Epilepsy?

Epilepsy is a neurological condition. Although anyone can have a seizure, epilepsy is defined as having chronic seizures, generally meaning two or more seizures.在Banner Health了解更多有关癫痫护理的信息主頁(欢迎您)。