乳腺癌Tests, Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Stages

Thanks to early detection and improved treatments, the number of women surviving breast cancer has steadily increased over the past 30 years. And, although it’s still the second most common cause of death from cancer for women in the United States, many forms have a high survival rate.

Banner MD Anderson Cancer Center is dedicated to the prevention and early diagnosis of breast cancer. We use the latest research and advanced technology to diagnose and treat patients with breast cancer. If you have anyrisk factors或者symptoms，Banner MD Anderson可以提供帮助。我们的关怀专家团队在这里为您提供了每一步。

Are There Screening Tests for Breast Cancer?

常规的癌症筛查是您早日检测乳腺癌最重要的事情。筛查可以在体验症状之前找到癌症。大多数健康保险计划涵盖了乳腺癌筛查的费用，包括乳房X线照片。

乳腺癌筛查指南

Banner MD Anderson recommends most women follow breast cancer screening guidelines from the National Comprehensive Cancer Network:

Women Ages 25 to 39

• Clinical breast exam – Every 1 to 3 years. A health care provider checks for lumps or other changes. This is often done during your annual well-woman checkup by your gynecologist.
• If you’re considered at higher risk, your doctor may recommend more frequent breast exams and/or to start having mammograms before age 40.

Women Ages 40 and Older

• Clinical breast exam – Every year
• 乳房X线图 - 每年

Additional Recommendations

Banner MD Anderson Cancer Center also recommends you:

• Practice “breast self-awareness”
• Talk to your doctor about your risk for developing breast cancer
• 如果您处于危险之中，请考虑其他积极主动的乳腺癌筛查

What Tests Are Used to Diagnose Breast Cancer?

A breast cancer diagnosis usually begins with an imaging examination. You doctor may order a diagnostic mammogram, ultrasound or MRI. If your imaging results are abnormal, your doctor may then order a biopsy of the breast to obtain a small sample of tissue that will provide a definitive diagnosis. Should you be diagnosed with breast cancer, your doctor may order additional tests. These results can help identify cancer treatment options that will be most effective for you.

Should I Consider Genetic Testing?

If your family has a strong history of breast and/or ovarian cancer, you may have inherited a gene that puts you at higher risk. Some people choose to get a genetic test, which involves a blood or saliva sample, to find gene abnormalities. Learn more about Banner MD Anderson’s基因测试选择.

Banner MD Anderson为乳腺癌提供了最新的筛查和诊断测试。与我们的专家团队安排乳房X光检查，并在一个横幅MD安德森的最先进的设施中安排。

乳腺癌的预后是什么？

新的，更好的乳腺癌治疗方法正在帮助被诊断出患有癌症的人的寿命比以往任何时候都更长。确定您的预后时，医生会考虑许多因素，例如乳腺癌的大小，阶段和类型，以及您的年龄和一般健康。

乳腺癌的阶段

Banner MD Anderson knows each person is unique, and so is their breast cancer. While breast cancer staging helps doctors and patients understand the disease’s progression, individual treatment options and results vary. Doctors use the results of your diagnostic tests to determine breast cancer stage, treatment options and prognosis.

• Stage 0:癌症包含在母乳管中
• Stage I (1):Cancer is small and has started to spread to other breast tissue
• Stage II (2):癌症已经成长和/或扩散到附近的组织和/或最多三个淋巴结
• Stage III (3):Cancer has grown and/or spread to nearby tissue, chest wall, and/or four to nine lymph nodes
• Stage IV (4):癌症已经远离乳房和淋巴结扩散到身体的其他部位，例如骨骼，肺，肝脏和大脑